Tine Harrows

Mode of Action	uproots weed seedlings with help from tine vibrations as they move through soil covers seedlings with thin layer of soil
Required Bed Preparation	level with no large clods or clumps
Row Spacing	blind weeding independent of row spacing
Soil Type	all soil types
Optimum Weed Stage	cotelydon to 2-leaf little effect on grasses and perennials
Optimum Crops	well-rooted, sturdy crops: beans, cereals, grasses, corn, potatoes, cole crops
Optimum Crop Stage	ideally, between sowing and emergence 2+ true leaves trasnplants must be established
Speed	1 - 7.5 mph
Settings	cultivation depth must be less than sowing depth forward-angled tines are more aggressive aggressiveness also determined in part by speed
Crop Damage	particular risk to broad-leaf crops usually results in 2 - 5% crop loss; can account for this in increased planting excessive tine depth and/or tractor speed will result in greater crop damage
Combinations with Other Tools	if soil is compacted, can be hoed immediately ahead of harrowing especially effective combined with intrarow tools such as finger and/or torsion weeders can stack effectively in the order of torsion-finger-row tine harrows (see Brown & Gallandt below)

Modified from van der Schans et al. (2006). Practical weed control in arable farming and outdoor vegetable cultivation without chemicals. Wageningen UR, Applied Plant Research: Lelystad, Netherlands.

Videos

Two Bad Cats tine rake

Tiny Treffler from Man @ Machine

Tine Weeding Rake from Johnny's Selected Seeds

In the Literature

Brown, B, and ER Gallandt. (2018). Evidence of synergy with 'stacked' intrarow cultivation tools. Weed Research 58(4):284-291